DanTown
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I don't think anyone's taken the time to research it out. Here is what I found which leads to 1/5 slumping. http://bleacherreport.com/articles/436001-sophomore-slump-truth-or-cliche
Here's another:
http://www.fangraphs.com/plus/the-sophomore-slump/
And Another with 64% of ROY declining in year 2.
http://www.hardballtimes.com/the-sophomore-slump/
The cliche is there and it's for a reason.
To the bold: because it's likely there is no causation to the idea that sophomore players slump at a rate more than other year players of similar caliber. The other reason a "sophomore" slump may exist is that by the true definition of statistics, if your outlier career year is your first year, you obviously will regress due to things beyond your control.
Obviously second year players slump. But so do third year players. So do fourth year players. So do fifth year players. So do a lot of guys. Sophomores are not the only players that fail to progress from their previous year. The idea that the Cubs will be worse because they're built up of some rookies/2nd year players is hysterical. If the Cubs lose 70+ games (which means they're not a 90 win team), it's going to be regression from more than at most five (Schwarber, Bryant, Russell, Baez, and Soler) guys. Hell, the player that is most likely to regress (Jake Arrieta) isn't a sophomore.
Here are the five guys and their fWAR
Bryant - 6.5
Russell - 2.9
Schwarber (70 games) - 1.9
Baez (28 games) - .5
Soler - .1
If you double Schwarber (140 games, 540 PA) and give Baez 400 PA (X5), that would give you a total WAR off last year's production of 15.8. So I'll ask: is that group's fWAR collectively going to be above 15.8 or below? 15.8 and higher is progression and anything lower is regression.
And to what Mississippi said: even IF you wanted to argue sophomore slumps are real, I'd expect that based on draft position (and the four guys drafted there are all top 15 picks and former top 25 prospects) and prospect value reduces the likelyhood of second year regression.